Calamus Oil is extracted from a red-like aquatic plant that has sword-shaped leaves & small greenish-yellow flowers. All parts of plant have peculiar, agreeable fragrance. Calamus oil is extracted from fresh roots or unpeeled dried root by steam distillation process. The extract is helpful as herbal medicine for treatment of nervous complaints, vertigo, headaches & dysentery.

In Ayurveda Acorus calamus is known as VACHA and publicly known as ―sweet flag or Bacha. This is a species of semiaquatic, perennial, aromatic herb with creeping rhizomes. The plant is found in the northern temperate and subtropical regions of Asia, North America, and Europe. The plant prefers swampy or marshy habitats. It is plentiful in the marshy tracts of Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, and Naga hills, and is regularly cultivated in Karnataka. The plant exhibits polyploidy and three karyotypes. The diploid karyotype (2n ¼ 24) grows in North America and in parts of Asia (Siberia); the triploid karyotype (3n ¼ 36) is present in Central Europe and Kashmir, India; the tetraploid karyotype (4n ¼ 48) is found in India, East Asia, and Japan. In India, the plant is found growing wild as well as cultivated up to an altitude of 2200m in the Himalayas. The leaves of Acorus calamus have a lemony scent as well as the roots have a sweet fragrance. Acorus calamus has long been known for its medicinal value and has been cultivated in Asia for this reason. It is a perennial, semi-aquatic and smelly plant, found in both temperate and subtemperate zones. It is up to 6 feet tall, aromatic, sword-shaped leaves and small, yellow/green flowers with branched rhizome.